PM1.0, PM2.5, PM10 detector, air quality sensor: smart custom device
tuyaDEAMON is a rich framework for IoT, offering to the user-programmer a powerful event processor, and many ways to implement their own projects.
In this case, the objectify was the integration of a standalone device, a PM detector that uses the USB-serial, i.e. the design and realization of a custom smart device for the tuyaDEAMON IOT server using that, not MQTT, HW device.
The process steps, fully documented in the case study, are:
- Install the native app in WIN10 and test the device.
- Reverse engineering of the serial protocol.
- Custom device capabilities definitions (i.e. DPs).
- node-red implementation:
- For a documentation sheet about the custom device PM_detector see github
- For PM_detector details, protocol, etc: see here.
- For tuyaDAEMON capabilities, see Wiki.
[{"id":"ee953c15.ada29","type":"subflow","name":"static retry","info":"Handles tuya device status changes.\r\n\r\nProcesses the status of a real device , if the connection status changes:\r\n - Creates a log msg (deviceId, \"_connected\", true/false) for standard processing\r\n \r\nIMPORTANT: set the ** deviceID ** parameter with the correct ID value.","category":"","in":[{"x":80,"y":80,"wires":[{"id":"6160136.f5f99ec"}]}],"out":[{"x":440,"y":80,"wires":[{"id":"6160136.f5f99ec","port":0}]}],"env":[{"name":"deviceId","type":"str","value":""}],"color":"#DDAA99","inputLabels":["in staus"],"outputLabels":["to log"],"icon":"font-awesome/fa-rss-square"},{"id":"6160136.f5f99ec","type":"function","z":"ee953c15.ada29","name":"connected message - static","func":"// to set global.tuyasyatus.xxxx._connected \n// creates a response for the dp \"_connected\"\n// store value and filter events\n\nvar CONN = \"_connected\"; // tuyadaemon internal define\n// see also tuyaDAEMON.\"connection check\" function\n// local function\nfunction _sendReal(idevice, value){\n// builds a fake OUT message \nvar newMsg = { \"payload\":{\n \"deviceId\": idevice,\n \"data\": {\n \"dps\":{\n [CONN]:value\n }}}};\nreturn newMsg; \n}\n\n// user set parameter device id\nvar deviceId = env.get(\"deviceId\");\nvar nowconnected = (msg.status.text == \"connected\"); // can change\n// filering \nlet old = flow.get(deviceId+\"_con\");\nif (old === nowconnected) return null;\nflow.set(deviceId+\"_con\", nowconnected);\n\nreturn(_sendReal(deviceId, nowconnected));\n\n\n\n\n\n","outputs":1,"noerr":0,"initialize":"// Code added here will be run once\n// set the default status _connected to null in tuyastatus\n// creates tuyastatus entry to null.\nvar alldevices = global.get(\"alldevices\");\nif (alldevices === undefined) return null;\nvar deviceId = env.get(\"deviceId\");\n// only for REAL devices\nvar d = alldevices.real.find(device => device.id === deviceId);\nif (d === undefined) return null;\n//\nvar tuyastatus = global.get(\"tuyastatus\");\n if (tuyastatus === undefined)\n tuyastatus = {};\n var dev = (d.name?d.name:d.id);\n if (tuyastatus[dev] === undefined) {\n tuyastatus[dev] = {_connected:null};\n global.set(\"tuyastatus\", tuyastatus);\n }\n ","finalize":"","x":260,"y":80,"wires":[[]]},{"id":"ee008879.f5adc8","type":"tab","label":"custom.PM detector","disabled":false,"info":"**custom device PM detector\n\nFlow to use a USB-serial PM detector with tuyaDAEMON. \n\nsee: https://github.com/msillano/tuyaDAEMON/wiki/custom-device-'PM-detector':-case-study"},{"id":"e37f5692.37de78","type":"serial in","z":"ee008879.f5adc8","name":"*COM19","serial":"45a4b402.6f7e4c","x":820,"y":380,"wires":[["170c898c.35c906","3787ab01.6ee494"]]},{"id":"28f4d04b.ed1b7","type":"serial out","z":"ee008879.f5adc8","name":"*COM19","serial":"45a4b402.6f7e4c","x":820,"y":300,"wires":[]},{"id":"fa5e5a63.b11488","type":"function","z":"ee008879.f5adc8","name":"pick and execute","func":"// converts the msg (dp/set) to serial format required by PM2.5USB\nfunction formatI(n) { // local function\n return (n > 99 ? \"\" + n : (n > 9 ? \"0\" + n : \"00\" + n));\n}\n\n// returns now(), formatted for mySQL, never fails\nfunction _mySQLdatetime() {\n //datetime format for mySQL: '2020-12-18 20:45:02'\n // using 'sv' for date format (but local timezone)\n return (new Date().toLocaleString('sv'));\n}\n\nfunction isNone(value) { // for resetCycle\n if (value) {\n if (typeof(value) === \"string\") {\n if (value.toUpperCase() === 'OFF')\n return true;\n if (value.toUpperCase() === 'NO')\n return true;\n if (value.toUpperCase() === 'NONE')\n return true;\n }\n return false;\n }\n return true;\n}\n\n// test: idDev SET command?\nfunction _isSetCommand(msx) {\n return ((msx.payload.property !== undefined) && (msx.payload.value !== undefined));\n}\n\n// test: idDev GET command?\nfunction _isGetCommand(msx) {\n return ((msx.payload.property !== undefined) && (msx.payload.value === undefined));\n}\n\nconst FASTDP = \"_refreshCycle\"; // set: 'off'| time [s]\nconst REFDP = \"_refresh\"; // set: any (trigger)\nconst DEVIDPM1 = \"_PM1_USB\";\n//base message to log\nvar newMsg = {\n payload: {\n deviceId: DEVIDPM1,\n data: {\n dps: {}\n }\n }\n};\n\n// --------------- main\n// fast exit\nif (msg.to !== DEVIDPM1)\n return ([null]);\n\n// from property/value to serial for PM detector\nif (_isSetCommand(msg)) { // test: is SET\n // node.warn([\"INPUT cmd\", msg ]);\n var data = \"\";\n switch (msg.infodp) {\n case REFDP:\n data = {\n fun: \"05\",\n flag: flow.set(\"pm_1\")\n }\n msg.payload.value = \"done\";\n break;\n case \"1\":\n flow.set(\"pm_\" + msg.infodp, msg.payload.value);\n data = {\n fun: \"01\",\n sendtime: formatI(msg.payload.value)\n }\n break;\n case FASTDP:\n if (isNone(msg.payload.value)) {\n data = {\n fun: \"05\",\n flag: \"0\"\n };\n flow.set(\"pm_5\", \"0\");\n msg.payload.value = \"stop\";\n break;\n }\n flow.set(\"pm_1\", msg.payload.value);\n data = {\n fun: \"01\",\n sendtime: formatI(msg.payload.value)\n };\n msg.payload = JSON.stringify(data);\n node.send([msg]);\n flow.set(\"pm_5\", \"1\");\n data = {\n fun: \"05\",\n flag: \"1\"\n };\n break;\n case \"2\":\n flow.set(\"pm_\" + msg.payload.dp, msg.payload.value);\n data = {\n fun: \"02\",\n storetime: formatI(msg.payload.value)\n }\n break;\n case \"3\":\n if ((msg.payload.value === undefined) || (msg.payload.value == false))\n msg.payload.value = _mySQLdatetime().substring(2);\n data = {\n fun: \"03\",\n clock: msg.payload.value\n }\n break;\n case \"4\":\n data = {\n fun: \"04\"\n }\n msg.payload.value = \"done\"; // is trigger\n break;\n case \"5\":\n msg.payload.value = msg.payload.value ? \"1\" : \"0\";\n flow.set(\"pm_\" + msg.infodp, msg.payload.value);\n data = {\n fun: \"05\",\n flag: (msg.payload.value ? \"1\" : \"0\")\n }\n break;\n case \"6\":\n data = {\n fun: \"06\"\n }\n msg.payload.value = \"done\"; // is trigger\n break;\n default:\n node.warn(\"The SET command '\" + msg.payload.property + \"'(\" + msg.infodp + \") => '\" + msg.payload.value + \"' is not allowed for PM detector device '\");\n return;\n }\n newMsg.payload.data.dps[msg.infodp] = msg.payload.value;\n msg.payload = JSON.stringify(data);\n return [msg, newMsg];\n}\n\nif (_isGetCommand(msg)) { // test: is GET\n switch (msg.infodp) {\n case \"1\":\n case \"2\":\n case \"3\":\n case \"5\":\n newMsg.payload.data.dps[msg.infodp] = flow.get(\"pm_\" + msg.infodp);\n return [null, newMsg];\n case \"80\":\n msg.payload = '{\"fun\":\"80\"}';\n return [msg];\n case FASTDP:\n newMsg.payload.data.dps[msg.infodp] = flow.get(\"pm_1\");\n return [null, newMsg];\n\n }\n node.warn(\"The GET command '\" + msg.payload.property + \"'(\" + msg.infodp + \") is not allowed for PM detector device '\");\n return;\n}\n","outputs":2,"noerr":0,"initialize":"// Code added here will be run once\n// whenever the node is deployed.\nflow.set(\"skipdata\", false);\n// set as connected\n// --------------- locals\nfunction _callJSONMethod(obj, fname, a, b, c, d) {\n var wrap = s => \"{ return \" + obj[fname] + \" };\" //return the block having function expression\n var func = new Function(wrap(obj[fname])); // ignore ⚠\n return func.call(null).call(obj, a, b, c, d); //invoke the function using arguments\n}\n\n// ---------------- main\nvar PMd = \"_PM1_USB\"; // can have friendly name\n// stuff to access data\nvar alld = global.get(\"alldevices\");\nif (alld === undefined)\n return null;\n// find object dp\nvar oDev = _callJSONMethod(alld, \"__getODev\", PMd, \"fake\");\nvar pmDevName = _callJSONMethod(alld, \"__getDevName\", oDev);\n//\ntuyastatus = global.get(\"tuyastatus\");\nif (tuyastatus === undefined)\n tuyastatus = {};\nif (tuyastatus[pmDevName] === undefined)\n tuyastatus[pmDevName] = {};\n// init\ntuyastatus[pmDevName][\"_connected\"] = true;\nglobal.set(\"tuyastatus\", tuyastatus);\n","finalize":"","x":170,"y":320,"wires":[["8ce5e629.3c5ef8"],["e914f703.e257b8"]]},{"id":"170c898c.35c906","type":"function","z":"ee008879.f5adc8","name":"RT data processing","func":"// convert serial data from PM2.5 to usual format\n// payload: object\n// deviceId: \"123455aa196ae5******\"\n// data: object\n// t: 1609234903\n// dps: object\n// 102: 1020\n//\nvar answ = {\n deviceId: \"_PM1_USB\",\n data : {\n t : Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000),\n dps : {\n \n }\n }\n }\n\nvar data = JSON.parse(msg.payload.replace(\",}\",\"}\")); \n\nswitch (data.res) {\n case \"1\":\n case \"2\":\n case \"3\":\n answ.data.dps[data.res] = flow.get(\"pm_\"+data.res);\n break;\n case \"5\":\n answ.data.dps[data.res] = \" done \";\n break;\n case \"4\":\n if (flow.get(\"skipdata\")) return;\n if (Number(data[\"cpm1.0\"]) == 0) return; // bad data\n answ.data.dps = {\n 200: Number(data[\"cpm1.0\"]),\n 201: Number(data[\"cpm2.5\"]),\n 202: Number(data[\"cpm10\"]),\n 203: Number(data[\"apm1.0\"]),\n 204: Number(data[\"apm2.5\"]),\n 205: Number(data[\"apm10\"]),\n 206: Number(data[\"aqi\"]),\n 207: data[\"t\"],\n 208: Number(data[\"r\"])\n }\n break;\n case \"6\":\n answ.data.dps[data.res] = \"done \";\n break;\n case \"10\": // start historical data\n flow.set(\"skipdata\", true);\n return;\n case \"80\":\n answ.data.dps = {\n 1 : Number(data[\"SendInteralTime\"]),\n 2 : Number(data[\"StoreInteralTime\"]),\n 80: Number(data[\"WritePoint\"]),\n 81: Number(data[\"ReadPoint\"]),\n 82: Number(data[\"SendInteralFlag\"])\n }\n break;\n\n }\nmsg.payload = answ; \nreturn msg;","outputs":1,"noerr":0,"initialize":"","finalize":"","x":1070,"y":420,"wires":[["c72cf7d0.7ff3c8"]]},{"id":"bf4e83f7.f5f21","type":"link in","z":"ee008879.f5adc8","name":"from core.fake_cmds","links":["18817677.061b9a","96b99b98.5c7788"],"x":35,"y":320,"wires":[["fa5e5a63.b11488"]]},{"id":"c72cf7d0.7ff3c8","type":"link out","z":"ee008879.f5adc8","name":"to 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dump","func":"var sum = {\n \"cpm1.0\":[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],\n \"cpm2.5\":[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],\n \"cpm10\" :[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],\n \"apm1.0\":[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],\n \"apm2.5\":[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],\n \"apm10\" :[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],\n \"aqi\" :[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],\n \"t\" :[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],\n \"r\" :[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],\n}\nvar count = [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0];\n\nflow.set(\"sum\",sum);\nflow.set(\"count\",count);\nmsg.payload ={\"fun\":\"04\"};\nreturn msg;","outputs":1,"noerr":0,"initialize":"","finalize":"","x":830,"y":240,"wires":[["8ce5e629.3c5ef8"]]},{"id":"3787ab01.6ee494","type":"function","z":"ee008879.f5adc8","name":"Historical data processing","func":"\nif(flow.get(\"skipdata\") === false) return;\n\n// out: cmd/histo\nvar data = JSON.parse(msg.payload);\n\nvar answ = {\n deviceId: \"_PM1_USB\",\n data: {\n t: Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000),\n dps: {}\n }\n}\n\nvar cmd = {\n payload: {\n \"fun\":\"05\", \n \"flag\":\"1\"\n }\n}\n\nswitch (data.res) {\n\ncase \"0\": // end historical data\n sum = flow.get(\"sum\");\n count = flow.get(\"count\");\n for (i = 0; i < 24; i++) {\n if (count[i] > 0) {\n sum[\"cpm1.0\"][i] = Math.round(sum[\"cpm1.0\"][i] / count[i]);\n sum[\"cpm2.5\"][i] = Math.round(sum[\"cpm2.5\"][i] / count[i]);\n sum[\"cpm10\"][i] = Math.round(sum[\"cpm10\"][i] / count[i]);\n sum[\"apm1.0\"][i] = Math.round(sum[\"apm1.0\"][i] / count[i]);\n sum[\"apm2.5\"][i] = Math.round(sum[\"apm2.5\"][i] / count[i]);\n sum[\"apm10\"][i] = Math.round(sum[\"apm10\"][i] / count[i]);\n sum[\"aqi\"][i] = Math.round(sum[\"aqi\"][i] / count[i]);\n sum[\"t\"][i] = (sum[\"t\"][i] / count[i]).toFixed(1);\n sum[\"r\"][i] = (sum[\"r\"][i] / count[i]).toFixed(1);\n }\n }\n answ.data.dps[300] = \"[\"+sum[\"cpm1.0\"].toString() + \"]\";\n answ.data.dps[301] = \"[\"+sum[\"cpm2.5\"].toString() + \"]\";\n answ.data.dps[302] = \"[\"+sum[\"cpm10\"].toString() + \"]\";\n answ.data.dps[303] = \"[\"+sum[\"apm1.0\"].toString() + \"]\";\n answ.data.dps[304] = \"[\"+sum[\"apm2.5\"].toString() + \"]\";\n answ.data.dps[305] = \"[\"+sum[\"apm10\"].toString() + \"]\";\n answ.data.dps[306] = \"[\"+sum[\"aqi\"].toString() + \"]\";\n answ.data.dps[307] = \"[\"+sum[\"t\"].toString() + \"]\";\n answ.data.dps[308] = \"[\"+sum[\"r\"].toString() + \"]\";\n msg.payload = answ;\n flow.set(\"skipdata\", false);\n return [cmd, msg];\n\ncase \"4\":\n sum = flow.get(\"sum\");\n count = flow.get(\"count\");\n count[Number(data[\"h\"])]++;\n sum[\"cpm1.0\"][Number(data[\"h\"])] += Number(data[\"cpm1.0\"]);\n sum[\"cpm2.5\"][Number(data[\"h\"])] += Number(data[\"cpm2.5\"]);\n sum[\"cpm10\"][Number(data[\"h\"])] += Number(data[\"cpm10\"]);\n sum[\"apm1.0\"][Number(data[\"h\"])] += Number(data[\"apm1.0\"]);\n sum[\"apm2.5\"][Number(data[\"h\"])] += Number(data[\"apm2.5\"]);\n sum[\"apm10\"][Number(data[\"h\"])] += Number(data[\"apm10\"]);\n sum[\"aqi\"][Number(data[\"h\"])] += Number(data[\"aqi\"]);\n sum[\"t\"][Number(data[\"h\"])] += Number(data[\"t\"]);\n sum[\"r\"][Number(data[\"h\"])] += Number(data[\"r\"]);\n\n flow.set(\"sum\", sum);\n flow.set(\"count\", count);\n return;\n\ncase \"10\":\n return;\n}\nreturn;\n","outputs":2,"noerr":0,"initialize":"","finalize":"","x":1090,"y":380,"wires":[["8ce5e629.3c5ef8"],["c72cf7d0.7ff3c8"]]},{"id":"260f2555.1d5ffa","type":"status","z":"ee008879.f5adc8","name":"spy 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